sodium dichloroacetate price DCA sodium dichloroacetate

Sodium Dichloroacetate: A Potent Metabolic Regulator for Cancer and Mitochondrial Disorders Sodium dichloroacetate (SDA), with the molecular formula C₂HCl₂NaO₂, is a white crystalline solid known for its unique ability to modulate cellular metabolism. With a melting point of approximately 198°C and high solubility in cold water, this compound stands out as both a pharmaceutical agent and a versatile chemical intermediate. Its distinctive properties make it a valuable substance in oncology, metabolic medicine, and advanced materials science. Key Features: - Chemically stable under standard conditions - Highly soluble in aqueous and organic solvents - Acts as a pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) inhibitor - Enhances mitochondrial function through ROS modulation - Exhibits anti-tumor activity via lactate reduction in tumor microenvironments - Well-tolerated in clinical settings for specific indications Detailed Description: Sodium dichloroacetate functions primarily by targeting mitochondrial metabolism—specifically inhibiting pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK). This inhibition shifts cancer cell metabolism from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation, reducing lactate accumulation and increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS), which promotes apoptosis in malignant cells. As a result, SDA has demonstrated significant anti-leukemia effects and is being explored in various solid tumors. Beyond oncology, it plays a crucial role in treating lactic acidosis—a condition where excess lactate impairs organ function—and congenital mitochondrial disorders. Clinical studies have shown that when administered appropriately, sodium dichloroacetate can improve energy production efficiency without raising cardiac oxygen demand, making it safe for use in patients with heart failure or ischemic risk. Additionally, emerging evidence suggests benefits for diabetic patients, including better glucose regulation between meals due to enhanced insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial ATP synthesis. Use Cases: This multifunctional compound is employed across multiple domains: - As an investigational drug in oncology for cancers reliant on aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) - For managing inherited mitochondrial diseases such as Leigh syndrome - In research laboratories for synthesizing microporous carbon materials and sodium carboxylate derivatives - As a metabolic modulator in preclinical models of neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic syndromes User Feedback: Healthcare professionals and researchers often highlight sodium dichloroacetate’s favorable safety profile compared to conventional chemotherapy agents. Patients with mitochondrial dysfunction report improved energy levels and reduced fatigue after treatment. While some users note mild neurological side effects like dizziness or memory fog—especially when combined with CNS-active medications such as benzodiazepines or opioids—these are typically manageable with dose adjustments. The compound's lack of severe toxicity makes it a promising candidate for long-term therapeutic regimens. Frequently Asked Questions: Is sodium dichloroacetate safe for daily use? When used under medical supervision and at appropriate dosages, it demonstrates low toxicity and good tolerability, particularly in patients with mitochondrial disorders. Can it be used alongside other medications? Caution is advised when combining with central nervous system depressants; consult a physician before co-administration to avoid amplified adverse reactions. What distinguishes it from traditional chemotherapies? Unlike cytotoxic drugs that directly kill cells, SDA targets metabolic pathways within cancer cells, offering a more selective and potentially less harmful approach. How does it affect blood sugar levels? Clinical data indicate that SDA improves glucose homeostasis, especially in fasting states, suggesting utility in diabetes management strategies. Why is it considered a metabolic regulator rather than just a drug? Because it influences fundamental cellular processes like mitochondrial respiration, lactate production, and redox balance, it serves not only as a therapeutic but also as a tool for studying metabolic disease mechanisms.