Genistein, also known as dye wood isoflavone or golden clover isoflavone, is a natural compound belonging to the class of isoflavones and falls under the category of phytoestrogens. It can primarily be found in leguminous plants such as soybeans and chickpeas, as well as certain traditional Chinese medicinal herbs. Due to its structural similarity to human estrogen (estradiol), genistein has the ability to bind with estrogen receptors and exert bidirectional regulatory effects. This unique property contributes to its wide range of biological activities and potential health benefits.
Hormonal Regulation: Bidirectionally modulates estrogen levels, alleviating menopausal symptoms while concurrently reducing the risk of hormone-dependent cancers (adherence to medical advice is essential).
Anticancer Potential: Inhibits tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis, serving as an adjunctive measure in the prevention of breast and prostate cancers (supported by epidemiological evidence; clinical validation pending). Cardiovascular Protection: Lowers lipid levels and enhances vascular elasticity, thereby diminishing the risk of atherosclerosis. Skeletal Health: Augments osteoblast activity, effectively preventing and treating osteoporosis associated with menopause. Metabolic Improvement: Enhances insulin sensitivity, assisting in glycemic control and fat reduction (robust evidence from animal studies). Neuroprotection: Exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that may delay cognitive decline while improving memory during menopause.