Tanshinone, also known as total tanshinone, is a fat-soluble phenanthrenequinone compound with antibacterial effect extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza (Lamiaceae plant Salvia miltiorrhiza root), from which tanshinone I,
Tanshinone IIA, tanshinone IIB, cryptotanshinone, and isocryptozolin are separated There are more than 10 tanshinone monomers including tanshinone, among which 5 monomers: cryptotanshinone, dihydrotanshinone II, hydroxytanshinone, methyl tanshinone, and tanshinone IIB, have antibacterial effects, as well as anti-inflammatory and cooling effects.
Tanshinone IIA sodium sulfonate, the sulfonated product of tanshinone IIA, is soluble in water. Clinical trials have proven that it has significant effects in treating angina pectoris with few side effects. It is a new drug for the treatment of coronary heart disease. Tanshinone has many functions such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, promoting blood circulation and promoting wound healing. Long-term use has no obvious side effects.
The Function of Tanshinone IIA
1. Antibacterial effect. In vitro experiments, tanshinone has a stronger antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus than berberine, and it also has an inhibitory effect on Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RV strain (the minimum inhibitory concentration can reach less than 1.5 mg/mL) and two types of trichophyton.
2. Anti-inflammatory effect. Tanshinone administered by gavage to rats had significant anti-inflammatory effects. In the first stage of inflammation model, it has a significant inhibitory effect on the increase in capillary permeability caused by histamine; it has an inhibitory effect on acute joint swelling caused by egg white, carrageenan and dextran; it has an inhibitory effect on exudative formaldehyde peritonitis. effect.
In the second stage of inflammation model, it has a significant inhibitory effect on the migration of white blood cells in mice caused by gelatin; it has a significant inhibitory effect on subacute formaldehyde joint swelling. For the third-stage inflammation model, the cotton ball granuloma test has no inhibitory effect (ie, no effect in the chronic stage). Tanshinone can reduce the levels of PGF2α and PGE in the blood of rats, which may be related to the anti-inflammatory mechanism of tanshinone.
3． Anticoagulant effect.
Tanshinone IIA supplement has anticoagulant effects. The effect is stronger than that of protoethyl aldehyde.
4. Other functions. Tanshinone can improve the survival rate or prolong the survival time of mice under hypobaric hypoxia. Tanshinone has anti-androgenic effects, reducing sebum production, and has anti-Propionibacterium acnes effects, reducing inflammation exacerbated by bacterial metabolism. Can be used to treat acne. Tanshinone has an antipyretic effect on rabbits with fever caused by typhoid vaccine. Experiments in mice indicate that tanshinone has mild estrogenic activity that acts through the ovaries.
5． Observation of in vivo processes. After tanshinone is administered through the duodenum, the drug enters the liver and is excreted in the bile. The results show that a trace amount of tanshinone can be measured in the bile after duodenal administration in rats, and its peak excretion is at About 3 hours after administration. Tanshinones with different structures are excreted in the liver at different rates.
In addition, the experiment also found that after using chloroform to extract tanshinone from bile, denatured protein was precipitated in the aqueous solution of bile, and there was a certain relationship between its content and different administration groups.
